Esther M. Zimmer Lederberg
Friendship with Jim Crow

     Often, after a marriage ends in divorce, people once thought to be friends, suddenly melt away and disappear, almost as if the friendship never existed. It may be felt that it is hard to maintain allegiances to both people. Often it is felt that a choice must be made between maintaining a friendship with both people. This is no less true of scientist-colleagues.

     In the book "Perspectives on Genetics: Anecdotal, Historical, and Critical Commentaries, 1987-1998", edited by James F. Crow and William F. Dove (University of Wisconsin Press, 2000), there is absolutely no mention of any of Esther's research work, work done conjointly by Esther and her former husband Joshua Lederberg; no mention of replica plating, Fertility Factor F, etc. Dr. James Crow knew Esther and Josh Lederberg over a wide expanse of years, but there are no anecdotes either. It is as if Esther never existed! The photographs in this section, however, say something different.
     A non-objective viewpoint can enter a book that is biased. Colleague Stanley Falkow has pointed out that gender discrimination was quite pervasive in the field of molecular genetics and microbiology. The "good old boy" network endures.

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